Security and the smart city: A systematic review
As a result, the implications of new smart city security systems for crime reduction, security, and urban governance are rarely discussed. This systematic review attempts to address
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Comparison Noise Levels Active
Decibel Guide: Understanding Noise Levels Around You
How loud is too loud? Understand decibel levels with our noise chart—compare sounds, from whispers to concerts—and protect your ears and
Road traffic noise monitoring in a Smart City: Sensor and Model
This paper aims to propose a novel Road Traffic Noise Model (RTNM), capable of dynamically assessing road traffic noise levels from reliable data (hourly traffic volumes and speed),
A Comparative Survey of Optical Wireless Technologies: Architectures
The optical spectrum is considered as a promising solution for the development of future high-density and high-capacity networks. Wireless connectivity based on the optical spectrum is termed as optical
Advancements in sensors and actuators technologies for
The creation of smart cities has benefited greatly from the quick advancement of sensor and actuator technology. The basis of data-driven urban
Development and Testing of an Active Noise Control
As urbanization accelerates, the increasing number of vehicles and travel demands contribute to escalating road traffic noise pollution. Although
Noise Map – Global Land and Flight Noise Dashboard
This is most interesting in areas like New York City where noise pollution and flight noise are relatively high. This could be also interesting to city planning and
Optimum optical local oscillator power levels in coherent detection systems
Use of an optical local oscillator for coherent detection with a photoconductor or a photodiode can significantly reduce the responsivity of the detector due to saturation effects. Consequently, local
A thorough examination of smart city applications
The primary objective of establishing a safe city is to create a unified monitoring system that allows multiple stakeholders and various security systems to interact with each other. Smart
Active Optical Devices
Here, we are interested in silicon detectors that mayor may not be integrated with the optical waveguide (figure 1). We will discuss the fabrication of some these detectors in chapter 2 of Section II. Detector
Comparison of indoor and outdoor Accuracy Performance of Optical
In this study, three levelling instruments of different designs: Ordinary Automatic Optical, Digital and Laser Levels were tested for accuracy performance inside laboratory and outside in the
Development and Testing of an Active Noise Control
Utilizing the Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm, we conduct active noise control tests for various types of single- and dual-frequency noise within the
4 ways signal noises impact optical devices
Shot noise, dark noise, 1/f noise, and thermal noise are all types of optical noises that can impact a sensor''s performance. Learn how these various
Optical Versus RF Free-Space Signal Transmission: A Comparison of
Optical communication allows to transmit signals with much larger bandwidth, implying that simpler modulation formats can in principle be used to obtain a certain data rate, while RF communication
Assessing urban security and safety smartness: A systematic review
This study aims to conduct a systematic review of those KPIs proposed in the literature which goal is to determine the level of smartness of cities'' security and safety services.
Optical technologies in support of the smart city concept
Hybrid optical/optical and RF/optical system is a promising approach to remove the limitations of each system as well as to enable supporting features of
10033952023154676Use of optical methods for detecting low
As we have discussed in previous studies, it is possible to probe the dynamic range of sounds using offsets of multimode optical fibers, and it is possible to implement this method in applications for
(PDF) OPTICAL ACCESS NETWORKS: A
A comparison study of passive Optical Networks (PONs) and Active Optical Networks (AONs) had been presented. Powerful software design tool
Safety Analysis for Laser-based Optical
Laser safety analyses with consideration of optical elements such as lens and diffuser, as well as for M. D. Soltani and M. Safari are with the Institute for Digital Communications (IDCOM), School of
Digital Noise Reduction (DNR) in Cameras, Explained
Find out how security cameras use 2D and 3D digital noise reduction to improve images taken in low light settings.
Noise Measurement and Reduction in Mode-Locked
Advances in noise measurement and reduction are motivated for both shedding new light on the fundamentals of realizing ultra-low-noise optical
Ultra-low noise front-end design for smart optical sensors with high
Ultra-low noise is a critical component in the design of high-precision sensor front-ends. We introduced differential phase-sensitive detection (d-PSD) to mitigate both multiplicative and
Safe cities: Using smart tech for public security
The world''s cities are bursting at the seams, civic resources are under pressure and crime is harder than ever to police. As it stands, most video surveillance
Green indoor optical wireless communication systems: Pathway towards
The Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) offers the high capacity of optical fiber communication with the flexibility of wireless communication. Since it works in the optical region of
Multi-sensor system using plastic optical fibers for intrinsically safe
A system for measuring liquid level in multiple tanks using optical fiber technology has been developed. Oil field service industry or any sector requiring liquid level measurements in
Optical Wireless Communication Systems Operation Performance Efficiency
In this paper a model analytical description of optical wireless communication systems operation performance efficiency evaluation in the presence of different fog density levels and noise
Innovative Approaches for Noise Management in Smart Cities
According to the European Commission, “a Smart City is a city seeking to address public issues via ICT-based solutions on the basis of a multi-stakeholder, municipally based partnership”.
On Smart City and Safe City Concepts
This paper deals with interconnected Smart City and Safe City concepts and it presents systems, that are common to both, equal concepts.