Fiber optic sensing measures changes in the naturally occurring “backscattering” of light occurring in an optical fiber (or designed in methods of controlled reflection such as Fiber Bragg Gratings). Measurable change is observed when the fiber encounters vibration, strain or. Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera: Handbook of Optical Fiber Sensing Technology, John Wiley & Sons, 2002. P 603 Radiation absorption excites an orbital electron to a higher energy level. Due to its small size, low cost and ease of fabrication leading it to replace traditional sensors which were used frequently before th birth of fiber optic sensors. Further there are many points why fiber optic sensors are used in place of traditional size and. Optical fiber sensors (OFSs) have emerged as essential tools in the monitoring of physical, chemical, and bio-medical parameters in harsh situations due to their high sensitivity, electromagnetic interference (EMI) immunity, and long-term stability. We'll delve into Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Hybrid fiber optic sensors, explaining how they function. A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a. Strategies for fiber optic sensing can be split into sensitized fiber and intrinsic fiber methods. An example of sensitized fiber is a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG), used for decades for localized strain and temperature measurement within fibers.